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Why do some policies succeed so well while others, in the same
sector or country, fail dramatically? The aim of this book is to
answer this question and provide systematic research on the nature,
sources and consequences of policy failure. The expert contributors
analyse and evaluate the success and failure of four policy areas
(Steel, Health Care, Finance, HIV and the Blood Supply) in six
European countries, namely France, Germany, the Netherlands, the
UK, Spain and Sweden. The book is therefore able to compare success
and failure across countries as well as policy areas, enabling a
test of a variety of theoretical assumptions about policy making
and government. The book also sheds more light on the legitimacy of
governance in Western Europe and goes beyond understanding the
concepts of success and failure to explaining their genesis
empirically. Success and Failure in Public Governance will be of
interest to academics and researchers of political science, public
policy and public administration as well as to practitioners of
public policy.
The modern world is dominated by complex organizations. In this book Mark Bovens analyzes the questions associated with the search for responsiblity within such organizations. In organizations with many people contributing in many different ways, how can we determine who is accountable for organizational behavior? How do we define responsible behavior within organizations? Can different notions of responsibility prevent abuses? His analysis is multidisciplinary, combining law, social science, ethics, and organizational design, and provides a number of suggestions for institutional reform.
The search for responsibility in complex organisations often seems
an impossible undertaking. Adopting a multidisciplinary approach
combining law, social science, ethics and organisational design,
Mark Bovens analyses the reasons for this, and offers possible
solutions. He begins by examining the problem of 'many hands' -
because so many people contribute in so many different ways, it is
very difficult to determine who is accountable for organisational
behaviour. Four possible solutions - corporate, hierarchical,
collective and individual accountability - are analysed from
normative, empirical and practical perspectives. Bovens argues that
individual accountability is the most promising solution, but only
if individuals have the chance to behave responsibly. The book then
explores the implications of this approach. What does it mean to be
a 'responsible' employee or official? When is it legitimate to
disobey the orders of superiors? What institutional designs might
be most appropriate?
Why do some policies succeed so well while others, in the same
sector or country, fail dramatically? The aim of this book is to
answer this question and provide systematic research on the nature,
sources and consequences of policy failure. The expert contributors
analyse and evaluate the success and failure of four policy areas
(Steel, Health Care, Finance, HIV and the Blood Supply) in six
European countries, namely France, Germany, the Netherlands, the
UK, Spain and Sweden. The book is therefore able to compare success
and failure across countries as well as policy areas, enabling a
test of a variety of theoretical assumptions about policy making
and government. The book also sheds more light on the legitimacy of
governance in Western Europe and goes beyond understanding the
concepts of success and failure to explaining their genesis
empirically. Success and Failure in Public Governance will be of
interest to academics and researchers of political science, public
policy and public administration as well as to practitioners of
public policy.
This open access book shows policymakers which initiatives work
when responding to the increasing diversity in cities, towns and
neighborhood's. In recent times, policymakers have grappled with
ways of responding to this increase, which has resulted in a
plethora of policy initiatives, some more effective than others.
Bringing together a large amount of research and evidence-based
policy recommendations, this book offers both a sense of strategic
direction as well as more specific, actionable advice. It brings
together a remarkable mixture of policy areas that touch upon
issues of diversity, immigration policy, education, and labour
policy. It is of benefit and importance to all those making
policies for a country with increasing immigration.
This open access book shows policymakers which initiatives work
when responding to the increasing diversity in cities, towns and
neighborhood's. In recent times, policymakers have grappled with
ways of responding to this increase, which has resulted in a
plethora of policy initiatives, some more effective than others.
Bringing together a large amount of research and evidence-based
policy recommendations, this book offers both a sense of strategic
direction as well as more specific, actionable advice. It brings
together a remarkable mixture of policy areas that touch upon
issues of diversity, immigration policy, education, and labour
policy. It is of benefit and importance to all those making
policies for a country with increasing immigration.
This open access book sets out to explain the reasons for the gap
between "knowing" and "doing" in view of self-reliance, which is
more and more often expected of citizens. In today's society,
people are expected to take responsibility for their own lives and
be self-reliant. This is no easy feat. They must be on constant
high alert in areas of life such as health, work and personal
finances and, if things threaten to go awry, take appropriate
action without further ado. What does this mean for public policy?
Policymakers tend to assume that the government only needs to
provide people with clear information and that, once properly
informed, they will automatically do the right thing. However, it
is becoming increasingly obvious that things do not work like that.
Even though people know perfectly well what they ought to do, they
often behave differently. Why is this? This book sets out to
explain the reasons for the gap between 'knowing' and 'doing'. It
focuses on the role of non-cognitive capacities, such as setting
goals, taking action, persevering and coping with setbacks, and
shows how these capacities are undermined by adverse circumstances.
By taking the latest psychological insights fully into account,
this book presents a more realist perspective on self-reliance, and
shows government officials how to design rules and institutions
that allow for the natural limitations in people's 'capacity to
act'.
The Real World of EU Accountability reports the findings of a major
empirical study into patterns and practices of accountability in
European governance. The product of a 4-year, path-breaking
project, this book assesses to what extent and how the people that
populate the key arenas where European public policy is made or
implemented are held accountable. Using a systematic analytical
framework, it examines not just the formal accountability
arrangements but also documents and compares how these operate in
practice. In doing so, it provides a unique, empirically grounded
contribution to the pivotal but often remarkably fact-free debate
about democracy and accountability in European governance.
With four empirical chapters covering the Commission and its
agencies, the European Council, and Comitology committees, it shows
that a web of formal accountability arrangements has been woven
around most of them, but that the extent to which the relevant
accountability forums actually use the oversight possibilities
offered to them varies markedly: some forums lack the institutional
resources, others the willingness. But in those cases where both
are on the increase, as in the European Parliament's efforts vis a
vis the European Commission, fundamentally healthy accountability
relationships are developing. Although ex-post accountability is
only part of the larger equation determining the democratic quality
of European governance, this study suggests that at least in this
area, the EU is slowly but surely reducing its 'democratic
deficit'.
Over the past two decades public accountability has become not only
an icon in political, managerial, and administrative discourse but
also the object of much scholarly analysis across a broad range of
social and administrative sciences. This handbook provides a state
of the art overview of recent scholarship on public accountability.
It collects, consolidates, and integrates an upsurge of inquiry
currently scattered across many disciplines and subdisciplines. It
provides a one-stop-shop on the subject, not only for academics who
study accountability, but also for practitioners who are designing,
adjusting, or struggling with mechanisms for accountable
governance. Drawing on the best scholars in the field from around
the world, The Oxford Handbook of Public Accountability showcases
conceptual and normative as well as the empirical approaches in
public accountability studies. In addition to giving an overview of
scholarly research in a variety of disciplines, it takes stock of a
wide range of accountability mechanisms and practices across the
public, private and non-profit sectors, making this volume a
must-have for both practitioners and scholars, both established and
new to the field.
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